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The concentration camp syndrome

H Bower1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Victoria.

The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
|September 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Decades after the Holocaust, survivors developed psychiatric syndromes including depression, anxiety, and somatic complaints. Childhood persecution significantly increased aggressive contact abnormalities compared to adult trauma survivors.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Trauma Studies
  • Psychological Medicine

Background:

  • Holocaust survivors experienced severe persecution between 1939-1945.
  • A significant interval of over thirty years passed before a psychiatric syndrome emerged in some survivors.
  • This syndrome followed overwhelming stress and trauma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a psychiatric syndrome in Holocaust survivors.
  • To identify the core symptom complexes of this delayed-onset syndrome.
  • To investigate the impact of the age of trauma exposure on symptom presentation.

Main Methods:

  • Case description of Holocaust survivors claiming compensation for persecution.
  • Analysis of symptom complexes presented by survivors.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparison of symptom presentation based on age at the time of persecution (childhood vs. adulthood).

    • Main Results:

    • Five nuclear symptom complexes were identified: depressive reactions, anxiety states, somatic complaints, subjective intellectual impairment, and contact abnormalities.
    • Survivors persecuted during childhood showed aggressive contact abnormalities three times more frequently than those persecuted as adults.
    • The study highlights the long-term psychological impact of Holocaust trauma.

    Conclusions:

    • Overwhelming stress from Holocaust persecution can lead to delayed-onset psychiatric syndromes.
    • Childhood exposure to trauma is associated with a higher prevalence of aggressive contact abnormalities in later life.
    • Understanding these long-term effects is crucial for providing appropriate care to survivors.