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Uptake and transport of copolymer biodegradable microspheres by rabbit Peyer's patch M cells
T H Ermak1, E P Dougherty, H R Bhagat
1Vaccine Delivery Research Section, OraVax Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139.
Abstract:
In this study, we demonstrate the role of M cells in uptake of poly(D-L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres and transport into rabbit Peyer's patches. Microspheres 1 to 10 microns in diameter composed of 50:50 lactic acid:glycolic acid were instilled into intestinal segments containing jejunal or ileal Peyer's patches, and uptake by M cells was examined by electron microscopy. PLGA microspheres visualized as electron-lucent, spherical particles were taken up by M cells by pseudopod-like extensions of the M cell apical membrane and translocated to the pocket region containing mononuclear leukocytes within 60 min. These results indicate that PLGA microspheres can be directed to M cell apical surfaces for delivery to immunocompetent cells in gut-associated lymphoid tissues.
Insights
M cells facilitate the uptake and transport of poly(D-L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres into rabbit Peyer
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Immunology
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- M cells are specialized epithelial cells in Peyer's patches crucial for immune surveillance.
- Poly(D-L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres are widely used in drug delivery systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of M cells in the uptake and transport of PLGA microspheres.
- To evaluate the potential of PLGA microspheres for targeted delivery to gut-associated lymphoid tissues.
Main Methods:
- PLGA microspheres (1-10 microns) were instilled into rabbit intestinal segments containing Peyer's patches.
- Electron microscopy was used to examine microsphere uptake by M cells.
Main Results:
- PLGA microspheres were readily taken up by M cells via pseudopod-like extensions.
- Microspheres were translocated to the M cell pocket containing mononuclear leukocytes within 60 minutes.
Conclusions:
- M cells actively internalize PLGA microspheres.
- PLGA microspheres can be targeted to M cell surfaces for delivery to immunocompetent cells in Peyer's patches.