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SPECT brain imaging abnormalities in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

K G Sieg1, G R Gaffney, D F Preston

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City.

Clinical Nuclear Medicine
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) patients show increased brain activity asymmetry, particularly reduced left frontal and parietal uptake, compared to controls. This suggests underlying brain perfusion differences in ADHD.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Psychiatry
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder.
  • Abnormalities in brain physiology are implicated in ADHD pathophysiology.
  • Neuropsychiatric evaluations often include objective measures of brain function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cerebral blood flow differences in ADHD patients using SPECT imaging.
  • To compare brain activity patterns between individuals with ADHD and a non-ADHD psychiatric control group.
  • To correlate neuroimaging findings with known cognitive deficits in ADHD.

Main Methods:

  • Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) using N-Isopropyl I-123 IMP.
  • Neuropsychiatric evaluation of 10 ADHD patients and 6 non-ADHD controls.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of regional I-123 IMP SPECT count ratios (left to right) in specific brain regions.

    • Main Results:

    • ADHD patients exhibited greater overall hemispheric I-123 IMP uptake asymmetry.
    • Reduced left frontal and left parietal I-123 IMP uptake was observed in ADHD patients compared to controls.
    • Similar I-123 IMP uptake asymmetry was noted in the temporal regions for both groups.

    Conclusions:

    • Findings support the hypothesis of regional cortical perfusion abnormalities in ADHD.
    • These perfusion differences may underlie attentional process control deficits in ADHD.
    • SPECT imaging with I-123 IMP can reveal objective brain function markers in ADHD.