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Concerning the analysis of 2 x 2 tables
1School of Allied Health Sciences, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina 27858.
Computers and Biomedical Research, an International Journal
|December 1, 1994
Summary
This study clarifies statistical methods for 2x2 contingency tables, addressing concerns about differing results. It introduces the mid-P approach and provides guidance for accurate data analysis.
Area of Science:
- Biostatistics
- Statistical Analysis
- Data Science
Background:
- Concerns exist regarding discrepancies in statistical hypothesis testing results for 2x2 contingency tables.
- Previous research has not fully addressed current statistical thinking or effect measures for these analyses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present current statistical literature and philosophical underpinnings for analyzing 2x2 contingency tables.
- To introduce appropriate measures of effect for various data origins leading to 2x2 arrays.
- To offer an empirical adjustment to Fisher's exact test, known as the mid-P approach.
Main Methods:
- Review of statistical literature concerning 2x2 contingency tables.
- Discussion of philosophical issues related to statistical methods.
- Presentation of effect measures suitable for different data designs.
- Introduction and application of the mid-P adjustment to Fisher's exact test.
Main Results:
- Provides a comprehensive overview of statistical methods for 2x2 tables.
- Highlights the importance of effect measures in statistical analysis.
- Demonstrates the utility of the mid-P approach through an example.
Conclusions:
- The paper enhances understanding of 2x2 table analysis for statistical users.
- Offers recommendations for the appropriate analysis of 2x2 contingency tables.
- The mid-P approach is presented as a valuable adjustment to Fisher's exact test.