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Related Experiment Videos

The area postrema and vomiting

A D Miller1, R A Leslie

  • 1Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021-6399.

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology
|December 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The area postrema (AP) acts as a key chemoreceptor trigger zone for vomiting by detecting toxins in blood and cerebrospinal fluid. Its activation influences nausea and vomiting through projections to the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS).

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Physiology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • The area postrema (AP) is a circumventricular organ located in the medulla oblongata.
  • It lacks a blood-brain barrier, allowing it to detect blood-borne and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-borne toxins.
  • The AP, along with the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) and dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, forms the dorsal vagal complex.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of the area postrema (AP) as a chemoreceptor trigger zone for emesis (vomiting).
  • To explore the anatomical and functional connections of the AP in the vomiting reflex pathway.
  • To discuss the AP's involvement in various emetic stimuli, including drugs, motion, and radiation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on the area postrema (AP) and its role in emesis.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of electrophysiological studies on AP neuronal activity in response to emetic agents.
  • Examination of studies using 2-deoxyglucose uptake and c-fos expression to assess AP activation.

    • Main Results:

    • Lesions of the AP abolish vomiting induced by most emetic drugs but not all.
    • The AP is activated by systemic emetic drugs, as shown by increased neuronal firing and metabolic activity.
    • The AP projects to the NTS, suggesting a pathway for emetic signals to induce nausea and vomiting.

    Conclusions:

    • The area postrema (AP) is a critical chemoreceptor trigger zone for vomiting, particularly for drug-induced emesis.
    • While not essential for motion-induced vomiting, the AP plays a significant role in detecting emetic toxins.
    • The AP's activation of the NTS likely initiates a common pathway for vomiting reflexes.