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Stress distribution within circumferential clasp arms

H Morris, J W Farah, R G Craig

    Journal of Oral Rehabilitation
    |October 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Non-tapered clasps distribute stress better than tapered designs, reducing the risk of breakage. Understanding stress concentration is key to preventing clasp failure in dental prosthetics.

    Area of Science:

    • Biomaterials Science
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Dental Prosthetics

    Background:

    • Circumferential clasps are crucial components in removable dental prosthetics.
    • Clasp fracture is a common clinical problem, impacting prosthetic longevity.
    • Understanding stress distribution is vital for improving clasp design and function.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To identify stress concentration areas in tapered and non-tapered circumferential clasps.
    • To correlate maximum stress points with common clasp breakage locations.
    • To evaluate the impact of clasp taper on stress distribution and potential failure.

    Main Methods:

    • Finite element analysis (FEA) was used to model stress distributions.
    • Various clasp tapers were analyzed, including non-tapered designs.

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  • Stress concentrations were compared between different taper configurations.

    • Main Results:

    • Non-tapered clasps exhibited superior stress distribution compared to tapered clasps.
    • Increased taper accentuated stress concentrations, shifting them towards the clasp tip.
    • Maximum shear stresses were lower in non-tapered clasps.
    • Calculated maximum tensile stress was below the alloy's ultimate tensile strength.

    Conclusions:

    • Clasp design significantly influences stress distribution and failure risk.
    • Non-tapered clasps offer a more favorable stress profile.
    • Clasp failure is multifactorial, involving design, material properties, and manufacturing defects like porosities and surface irregularities.