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Vergence adaptation and senescence

B Winn1, B Gilmartin, D L Sculfor

  • 1Department of Optometry, University of Bradford, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom.

Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry
|December 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Prism adaptation occurs in all ages, but its effectiveness decreases with age. This age-related decline in prism adaptation may explain why older individuals more easily accept prismatic corrections for eye alignment issues.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience
  • Vision Science

Background:

  • Prism adaptation studies have predominantly focused on young adults.
  • Limited data exists on how age impacts vergence adaptation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of age on prism adaptation.
  • To assess prism adaptation across a broad age spectrum (19-85 years).
  • To examine adaptation to both convergent and divergent disparities.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a flashed Maddox rod procedure for distance fixation.
  • Employed a 3.5-minute adaptation period followed by a 2.5-minute recovery period.
  • Controlled stimulus presentation and occlusion using a microcomputer system.

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Main Results:

  • Prism adaptation was observed in all age groups studied.
  • Convergence adaptation showed a greater amplitude than divergence adaptation.
  • A significant decline in adaptation magnitude was noted with increasing age (approx. 0.6% per year).

Conclusions:

  • An adaptation mechanism is present across all ages.
  • The gain of the adaptation mechanism is reduced in older individuals.
  • This reduced gain may explain the ease with which older patients accept prismatic corrections for oculomotor imbalances.