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Does chorionic villus sampling compromise fetal umbilical blood flow?

J U Hibbard1, G L Loy, M C Hibbard

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Illinois 60637.

Prenatal Diagnosis
|December 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) does not appear to compromise fetal umbilical blood flow. Doppler velocimetry showed no significant changes in fetal heart rate or umbilical arterial blood flow after CVS procedures.

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Area of Science:

  • Perinatology
  • Fetal Medicine
  • Diagnostic Ultrasound

Background:

  • Limb reduction defects have been anecdotally associated with chorionic villus sampling (CVS).
  • This potential association may stem from compromised fetal umbilical blood flow due to the procedure's trauma.
  • Doppler velocimetry is a non-invasive technique to assess fetal blood flow.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether chorionic villus sampling (CVS) disrupts or compromises fetal umbilical blood flow.
  • To evaluate changes in fetal umbilical arterial blood flow using Doppler velocimetry immediately before and after CVS.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective longitudinal study of 21 pregnant patients undergoing first-trimester CVS.
  • Fetal umbilical arterial blood flow was assessed using color flow Doppler velocimetry immediately before and after CVS.

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  • Pulsatility index, fetal heart rate, per cent flow time, and maximum flow velocity were measured and analyzed.

    • Main Results:

    • No statistically significant differences were observed in umbilical velocimetry values or fetal heart rate before and after CVS.
    • Analysis by gestational age, sample size, CVS method, number of passes/aspirations, placental location, or operator revealed no significant changes.
    • The study detected no significant alterations in fetal umbilical arterial blood flow or heart rate post-CVS.

    Conclusions:

    • Fetal umbilical blood flow is not routinely compromised by chorionic villus sampling.
    • Doppler velocimetry did not detect significant adverse effects on fetal circulation following CVS.
    • The findings suggest that CVS is unlikely to be a cause of compromised umbilical blood flow leading to limb reduction defects.