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Drug-induced parotitis

D F Thompson1

  • 1Department of Pharmacy Practice, Southwestern Oklahoma State University, Weatherford 73096.

Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics
|August 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Drug-induced parotitis is rare, often linked to phenylbutazone, oxyphenbutazone, and antipsychotics like thioridazine. Anticholinergic effects may predispose patients to parotid gland infections, but evidence for other drug classes is insufficient.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Adverse Drug Reactions
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Drug-induced parotitis is an uncommon adverse drug reaction.
  • Existing data primarily consists of isolated case reports, with limited rechallenge studies to confirm causality.
  • Anticholinergic effects, such as oral drying, are frequently cited as a predisposing factor for parotid gland infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the literature on drug-induced parotitis.
  • To identify drugs with a significant association with parotitis.
  • To assess the evidence linking various drug classes to parotitis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of case reports and studies on drug-induced parotitis.
  • Analysis of reported associations between specific drugs and parotid gland inflammation.

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  • Evaluation of evidence for drug rechallenge in confirmed cases.
  • Main Results:

    • Phenylbutazone and oxyphenbutazone have a notable number of reports implicating them in causing parotitis.
    • Antipsychotics, particularly thioridazine, are associated with parotitis, often linked to anticholinergic side effects.
    • Insufficient literature exists to link histamine (H2) receptor blockers, interferon-alpha, doxycycline, trimipramine, nifedipine, methyldopa, nitrofurantoin, nicardipine, isoproterenol, or ritodrine to parotitis.

    Conclusions:

    • Phenylbutazone, oxyphenbutazone, and thioridazine are drugs of concern for causing parotitis.
    • Anticholinergic properties may play a role in the pathogenesis of drug-induced parotitis.
    • Further research is needed to establish or refute the link between other drug classes and parotitis.