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Increased dopamine-receptor sensitivity in schizophrenia

F Owen, A J Cross, T J Crow

    Lancet (London, England)
    |July 29, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Schizophrenia patients show increased dopamine receptor sensitivity, not higher dopamine turnover. This heightened sensitivity in brain regions like the nucleus accumbens may indicate a core aspect of the schizophrenia disease process.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Psychiatry
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Dopamine system dysregulation is implicated in schizophrenia.
    • Previous research suggested increased dopamine turnover in schizophrenia.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate dopaminergic mechanisms in post-mortem brain tissue from schizophrenia patients and controls.
    • To determine if dopamine turnover or receptor sensitivity is altered in schizophrenia.

    Main Methods:

    • Post-mortem brain specimens from 19 schizophrenia patients and 19 controls were analyzed.
    • Dopamine turnover was assessed.
    • Spiperidol-binding technique was used to measure postsynaptic dopamine receptor sensitivity.

    Main Results:

    Related Experiment Videos

    • Dopamine turnover was not significantly increased in schizophrenia patients.
    • A significant increase in postsynaptic dopamine receptor sensitivity was observed in schizophrenia patients.
    • This increased receptor sensitivity was found in the nucleus accumbens, putamen, and caudate nucleus.
    • Increased sensitivity persisted in patients medication-free for over a year.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings suggest that increased dopamine receptor sensitivity, rather than increased dopamine turnover, is a key feature of schizophrenia.
    • This receptor supersensitivity may be intrinsically linked to the disease process itself.
    • Further research into dopaminergic mechanisms is crucial for understanding and treating schizophrenia.