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Related Experiment Videos

ART-CH: a VL30 in chickens?

M A Nikiforov1, A V Gudkov

  • 1Institute of Carcinogenesis, Cancer Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation.

Journal of Virology
|February 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Chicken retrotransposon ART-CH is a defective element with structural similarities to avian leukosis viruses. Its replication likely requires helper viruses, suggesting a common origin and recent integration into chicken DNA.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Virology

Background:

  • Chicken retrotransposon ART-CH was recently discovered.
  • Avian leukosis viruses (ALVs) share structural similarities with retrotransposons.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fully characterize the sequence and structure of ART-CH.
  • To investigate the origin, replication strategy, and genomic organization of ART-CH.

Main Methods:

  • Complete sequence analysis of ART-CH.
  • Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis.
  • Sequence homology and comparative analysis with retroviral genes.

Main Results:

  • ART-CH is a 3,300-bp provirus with long terminal repeats (LTRs), a tRNA(Trp)-binding site, and a polypurine tract, resembling ALVs.
  • ART-CH is transcribed into polyadenylated RNA, but its internal regions are defective.
  • High sequence homology (97%) and structural similarity among ART-CH family members indicate a common origin and recent insertion into chicken DNA.
  • ART-CH sequences were found in mouse cells infected with Rous sarcoma virus, suggesting a helper virus-dependent replication strategy.

Conclusions:

  • ART-CH is a defective retrotransposon, likely requiring helper viruses for replication.
  • ART-CH may have evolved from an ALV-related retrovirus that lost coding capacity through mutations and deletions.
  • ART-CH shares features with VL30 retrotransposons found in rodents.

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