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Transvaginal sonographic appearance of hemorrhagic functional ovarian cysts and their spontaneous regression
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan.
Insights
Transvaginal sonography reveals characteristic changes in hemorrhagic functional ovarian cysts (HFOCs). Short-term follow-up allows for accurate diagnosis of these common ovarian masses.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive endocrinology
- Medical imaging
- Gynecology
Background:
- Hemorrhagic functional ovarian cysts (HFOCs) are common gynecological findings.
- Transvaginal sonography is a primary imaging modality for evaluating ovarian cysts.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the typical transvaginal sonographic features of HFOCs.
- To assess the natural course and resolution patterns of HFOCs using ultrasound.
Main Methods:
- Prospective follow-up of 34 suspected HFOC cases over 3 months using transvaginal ultrasound.
- Analysis of sonographic findings and their temporal evolution.
Main Results:
- Twenty-four cases were diagnosed as HFOCs, with spontaneous resolution observed.
- Initial sonographic patterns included diffuse echogenic (20.8%), mixed (37.5%), sponge-like (12.5%), and vague echo (29.2%).
- Seven masses (29.2%) resolved within 2 weeks, while others resolved within 8 weeks with evolving sonographic appearances.
Conclusions:
- HFOCs exhibit distinct, characteristic changes on transvaginal sonograms.
- Short-term ultrasound follow-up is effective for diagnosing HFOCs.
Objectives:
To obtain information on the characteristic feature of transvaginal sonograms of hemorrhagic functional ovarian cysts (HFOCs) and their natural course.
Methods:
Thirty-four cases of suspected HFOC based on our tentative criteria were ultrasonically followed-up for 3 months. After the study period, the sonographic findings and their changes with time were analyzed.
Results:
Twenty-four cases were clinically diagnosed as HFOCs, as the masses disappeared naturally. At the first examination, 5 cases (20.8%) showed a diffuse echogenic pattern which seems to consist of a blood clot, 9 (37.5%) were mixed pattern with a clearly demarcated solid part, 3 (12.5%) were hyperechoic sponge-like reticular pattern and 7 (29.2%) were cysts including vague echo inside which looked cotton-like. Seven masses (29.2%) disappeared within 2 weeks and the remaining had a different sonographic appearance with time until they disappeared finally within 8 weeks.
Conclusions:
HFOCs show the characteristic changes in transvaginal sonographic appearance and can be diagnosed by short-term follow-up.