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Hypertension and alcoholism

V Morvai1, G Kondorosi, G Ungváry

  • 1Second Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest, Hungary.

Acta Physiologica Hungarica
|January 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Alcohol withdrawal significantly lowers blood pressure in patients. Elevated gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels correlate with higher systolic blood pressure, indicating its role in hypertension among alcoholics.

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical Medicine
  • Cardiology
  • Addiction Medicine

Background:

  • Alcoholism is associated with various health complications, including hypertension.
  • Biomarkers such as gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and serum uric acid are commonly used to assess alcohol consumption and its effects.
  • Understanding the relationship between these markers, alcohol withdrawal, and blood pressure is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of hypertension and elevated alcoholism markers in patients undergoing alcohol withdrawal.
  • To examine the relationship between laboratory markers of alcoholism and blood pressure.
  • To assess the impact of alcohol withdrawal on blood pressure over a two-week period.

Main Methods:

  • Blood pressure measurements were taken at admission and at one and two weeks post-admission for 122 patients.
  • Laboratory tests including GGT, MCV, and serum uric acid were performed.
  • Statistical analysis was used to determine correlations between variables and the effect of withdrawal on blood pressure.

Main Results:

  • At admission, 27% of patients had hypertension, while 75% had elevated GGT and 68% had elevated MCV.
  • A significant interaction was observed between GGT and systolic blood pressure, and between serum uric acid and systolic blood pressure.
  • Alcohol withdrawal over two weeks led to a significant decrease in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated GGT levels are a significant predictor of high systolic blood pressure in alcoholic patients.
  • Alcohol withdrawal positively impacts blood pressure, reducing hypertension in the majority of patients.
  • GGT and serum uric acid levels offer insights into blood pressure changes related to alcoholism.

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