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Sudden hearing loss associated with interferon

Y Kanda1, K Shigeno, N Kinoshita

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Japan.

Lancet (London, England)
|May 7, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Long-term interferon treatment can cause hearing problems. In a study of 49 patients, 45% experienced tinnitus or hearing loss, which resolved after stopping interferon therapy.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Pharmacology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Interferon therapy is increasingly used for various conditions.
  • Long-term interferon administration has been associated with emerging adverse effects.
  • A previous case of sudden sensorineural hearing loss during interferon therapy prompted this investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prospectively assess auditory function in patients undergoing interferon treatment.
  • To determine the incidence and characteristics of auditory adverse effects associated with interferon therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective assessment of auditory function in 49 patients receiving interferon.
  • Clinical evaluation for auditory disability (tinnitus, hearing loss, or both).
  • Audiometry to document sensorineural hearing loss.

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Main Results:

  • Auditory disability was reported in 22 patients (45%) during interferon treatment.
  • Audiometry confirmed sensorineural hearing loss in 18 patients (37%).
  • Auditory issues typically emerged in the late stages of treatment and resolved within 7-14 days after discontinuing interferon.

Conclusions:

  • Interferon therapy is associated with a significant incidence of auditory adverse effects.
  • Sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus are potential side effects of long-term interferon use.
  • These auditory disturbances are often reversible upon cessation of interferon treatment.