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Heroin lung: report of two cases
1Department of Emergency, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan Yi Zhi
|February 1, 1994
Summary
Heroin lung, a common complication of heroin intoxication, causes acute pulmonary edema. Prompt treatment with oxygen and naloxone can rapidly reverse symptoms, though some patients may experience lasting lung changes.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Toxicology
- Emergency Medicine
Background:
- Heroin lung is a frequent complication of heroin intoxication.
- It presents as acute, noncardiogenic pulmonary edema.
- Early recognition and intervention are crucial.
Observation:
- Two young men experienced sudden loss of consciousness and cyanosis after heroin injection.
- Chest X-rays showed bilateral perihilar lung markings and alveolar edema.
- Blood gases indicated hypoxemia and hypercapnia.
Findings:
- Intravenous naloxone rapidly restored consciousness in both patients.
- Pulmonary edema showed partial clearing within days.
- One patient developed mild restrictive lung changes post-recovery.
Implications:
- Heroin-induced pulmonary edema is typically rapidly reversible with supportive care.
- Treatment focuses on ventilation, pulmonary toilet, and naloxone.
- Avoidance of diuretics, digitalis, and morphine is recommended.