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[Bancroft filariasis in Comores archipelago (immunologic study)]

G Niel, P Vernard, J Bruhnes

    Bulletin De La Societe De Pathologie Exotique Et De Ses Filiales
    |January 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    Immunological tests for Bancroft filariosis in Mayotte showed high endemicity but revealed limitations in diagnosing the disease, with some positive cases yielding negative results.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Epidemiology
    • Tropical Medicine

    Context:

    • Bancroft filariosis is a significant public health concern in tropical regions.
    • Previous epidemiological surveys in Mayotte (Comores) provided baseline data on filariosis prevalence.
    • Immunological diagnostic tools are crucial for understanding and managing parasitic infections.

    Purpose:

    • To evaluate the effectiveness of immunological techniques (immunoelectrophoresis and immunofluorescence) in diagnosing Bancroft filariosis.
    • To assess the endemicity of Bancroft filariosis in Mayotte using serological markers.
    • To compare immunological findings with clinical symptoms and microfilaremia status.

    Summary:

    • An immunological study in Mayotte utilized immunoelectrophoresis and immunofluorescence to detect antibodies against Dipetalonema viteae and Setaria labiotopapilosa in 87 individuals.
    • Results indicated high endemicity, with 57% showing precipitating lines and 55% having positive immunofluorescence titers.
    • Notably, 46-50% of individuals with clinical symptoms but no microfilaremia tested positive, while 36-48% of confirmed filariasis cases showed negative results with these immunological methods.
    • Immunoelectrophoresis did not reveal a consistent diagnostic pattern despite identifying common precipitating systems.

    Impact:

    • Highlights the significant, yet insufficient, role of immunological techniques in diagnosing bancroftian filariasis.
    • Underscores the need for improved and more reliable diagnostic methods for filariasis.
    • Provides valuable data for public health strategies in endemic areas like Mayotte.

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