[Oral injuries in cases of child abuse]

Child abuse is more common than previously supposed, and non-accidental injuries may also present in the oral cavity. Results of physical abuse are most commonly diagnosed as such, but injuries from sexual abuse and results of neglect may be observed in the mouth. Bruises are the most common types of non-accidental injuries, the lips and frena being specially exposed, through burns may be cause by over-hot food or caustic liquids. The teeth may fracture, be avulsed, displaced or discoloured as a result of non-accidental injury. Sexually transmitted diseases in children's mouths are strong indications of sexual abuse. Children exposed to oral sexual activities over a considerable period of time may develop higher caries rates and erosion on the palatal surface of the maxillary teeth. Dental neglect may be part of general neglect. The dentist's role is to treat the oral injuries and take appropriate action to prevent continued abuse.