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Calcitonins and osteoporosis
1Institute of Internal Medicine and Medical Pathology, University of Siena, Italy.
The British Journal of Clinical Practice
|July 1, 1994
Summary
Intranasal calcitonin effectively treats osteoporosis and prevents bone loss in postmenopausal women. Cyclical administration may prevent resistance to this important bone-preserving hormone.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Bone Metabolism
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Calcitonin, a thyroid hormone, regulates calcium levels by inhibiting bone resorption and calcium reabsorption.
- Parenteral calcitonin improves bone mass in osteoporosis but faces compliance issues.
- Intranasal calcitonin offers a more convenient administration route for osteoporosis treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of intranasal calcitonin.
- To assess its role in preventing postmenopausal bone loss and treating established osteoporosis.
- To explore strategies for managing potential hormone resistance.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical trials on intranasal calcitonin.
- Assessment of bone mineral density and calcium balance.
- Evaluation of patient compliance and side effects.
Main Results:
- Intranasal calcitonin is effective and well-tolerated for osteoporosis and postmenopausal bone loss prevention.
- It promotes bone mineral gain in the axial skeleton and slows bone loss in appendicular bones.
- Resistance to calcitonin may occur after 12-18 months, potentially mitigated by cyclical administration.
Conclusions:
- Intranasal calcitonin is a viable therapeutic option for osteoporosis, especially high-turnover types.
- Cyclical or intermittent administration can delay or prevent resistance.
- Further research is required to confirm long-term efficacy and fracture reduction.