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Renal disorders in children: a Nigerian study

F U Eke1, N N Eke

  • 1Department of Paediatric Nephrology, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Rivers State.

Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany)
|June 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Renal disorders are common in Nigerian children, with urinary tract infections and nephrotic syndrome being most frequent. End-stage renal failure prevalence mirrors Western rates, underscoring the need for improved pediatric kidney care.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Global Health
  • Renal Medicine

Background:

  • Renal disorders pose significant health challenges in developing nations.
  • Limited access to pediatric dialysis and transplantation in Nigeria necessitates understanding local renal disease patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and clinical significance of renal disorders in Nigerian children.
  • To identify common pediatric renal conditions and their outcomes in a resource-limited setting.

Main Methods:

  • A 5-year prospective study involving 699 children with renal disorders in Rivers State, Nigeria.
  • Data collection on renal disorder types, patient demographics, and treatment responses.

Main Results:

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  • Renal disorders represented 1.1% of pediatric admissions, with urinary tract infections (68.9%), nephrotic syndrome (14.6%), and acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (11.4%) being most prevalent.
  • Vesico-ureteric reflux was absent in UTI cases; 22.5% of nephrotic syndrome patients were steroid-sensitive. Obstructive uropathy was often linked to post-circumcision meatal stenosis.
  • End-stage renal failure (ESRF) occurred at a rate of 7.5 per million children annually, primarily due to chronic glomerulonephritis.

    • Conclusions:

    • Pediatric renal disorders are common in Nigeria, with significant implications for public health.
    • While vesico-ureteric reflux is rare, the incidence of ESRF highlights the urgent need for enhanced pediatric nephrology services and preventative strategies.
    • Improving socioeconomic conditions and medical accessibility is crucial for mitigating the burden of renal diseases in children.