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Related Experiment Videos

Midline maxillofacial skeleton in human anencephalic fetuses

I Kjaer1, J W Keeling, N Graem

  • 1Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal : Official Publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association
|July 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

This study examined the midline maxillofacial skeleton in anencephalic fetuses, identifying four distinct skeletal patterns. Findings suggest a developmental borderline in the anencephalic axial skeleton near the sella turcica.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Human anatomy
  • Teratology

Background:

  • Anencephaly is a severe neural tube defect affecting brain development.
  • The development of the craniofacial skeleton in relation to neural tube defects is not fully understood.
  • Understanding skeletal development in anencephaly provides insights into normal human embryonic development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To radiographically and histologically describe the midline maxillofacial skeleton in human anencephalic fetuses.
  • To correlate findings with other parts of the axial skeleton.
  • To identify developmental patterns and boundaries within the anencephalic axial skeleton.

Main Methods:

  • Radiographic analysis of 15 anencephalic fetuses (14-19 weeks gestation).

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  • Histological examination of the maxillofacial skeleton.
  • Comparison of maxillofacial skeletal patterns with the remainder of the axial skeleton.

    • Main Results:

    • Four maxillofacial skeletal patterns were identified: normal (6 cases), cleft palate (3 cases), incomplete nasal septum (3 cases), and multilocular ethmoid cartilage (3 cases).
    • No association was found between skeletal patterns in different axial skeleton regions.
    • A developmental borderline was observed in the anencephalic axial skeleton near the sella turcica.

    Conclusions:

    • The midline maxillofacial skeleton in anencephalic fetuses exhibits diverse developmental patterns.
    • The sella turcica region appears to represent a developmental boundary in the anencephalic axial skeleton.
    • This boundary may delineate skeletal tissues derived from notochordal and neural crest origins.