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Chemiluminescence and immunoassays

H A Rongen1, R M Hoetelmans, A Bult

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis
|April 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

This review covers chemiluminescence principles and applications in immunoassays. It details various chemiluminescent molecules, assay formats, and enhancers, highlighting recent advancements.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Chemiluminescence (CL) is a light-emitting phenomenon with significant applications in biological and chemical analyses.
  • Immunoassays utilize antigen-antibody interactions for detecting and quantifying analytes, often enhanced by detection methods like CL.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of the principles of chemiluminescence.
  • To discuss the application of chemiluminescent labels and substrates in various immunoassay formats.
  • To highlight recent developments and promising future directions in the field.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of chemiluminescence principles and immunoassay techniques.
  • Description of various classes of chemiluminescent molecules (e.g., 1,2-dioxetanes, luminol, acridinium esters, oxalate esters, firefly luciferins).

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  • Discussion of sensitizers and fluorescent enhancers used in CL-based immunoassays.

    • Main Results:

    • Detailed explanation of the fundamental principles governing chemiluminescence reactions.
    • Comprehensive overview of diverse immunoassay formats employing chemiluminescent detection.
    • Cataloging of known chemiluminescent molecules, sensitizers, and enhancers, with examples.

    Conclusions:

    • Chemiluminescence offers a sensitive and versatile detection method for immunoassays.
    • The variety of available chemiluminescent molecules and assay formats allows for tailored analytical solutions.
    • Ongoing research promises further innovations and expanded applications of CL in diagnostics and research.