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Very low calorie diet with concurrent versus delayed and sequential exercise

J E Donnelly1, D J Jacobsen, J M Jakicic

  • 1Human Performance Laboratory, University of Nebraska-Kearney 68849.

International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders : Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity
|July 1, 1994
PubMed
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Concurrent vs. sequential exercise during very-low-calorie diets (VLCD) showed minimal differences in weight loss. However, sequential weight training followed by endurance exercise (WT4EE) offered slight benefits in preserving fat-free mass and improving fitness.

Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Obesity Research
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Very-low-calorie diets (VLCD) are often used for rapid weight loss in obese individuals.
  • Concerns exist regarding the potential loss of fat-free mass (FFM) and metabolic rate during VLCD.
  • The optimal timing and type of exercise intervention during VLCD remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of concurrent versus delayed and sequential exercise interventions on body composition, aerobic capacity, and resting metabolic rate in obese females undergoing VLCD.
  • To compare different exercise protocols, including endurance exercise (EE), weight training (WT), combined EE and WT, and sequential combinations, against a control group.

Main Methods:

  • Obese females were assigned to six groups: control, EE, WT, EEWT, control followed by EE (C4EE), and WT followed by EE (WT4EE).

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  • All groups followed a VLCD for 12 weeks, with specific exercise protocols implemented concurrently or sequentially.
  • Measurements included body weight, FFM, aerobic capacity, strength index, and resting metabolic rate.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant differences in overall body weight loss were observed between the groups.
    • The WT4EE group demonstrated a significantly better ratio of FFM to weight loss compared to EE, C4EE, and control groups.
    • WT4EE also showed significant improvements in aerobic capacity and strength index from baseline, and the smallest decrease in resting metabolic rate, though this decrease was significant.

    Conclusions:

    • While sequential weight training followed by endurance exercise (WT4EE) showed some favorable changes in preserving FFM and improving fitness markers during VLCD, the magnitude of these differences was small.
    • The clinical significance of these small differences for individual outcomes remains uncertain.
    • No significant differences were found between the control followed by EE (C4EE) group and other study groups.