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[The ovary at puberty]

S Venturoli1, E Porcu, S Macrelli

  • 1Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Bologna, Italy.

Contraception, Fertilite, Sexualite (1992)
|July 1, 1994
PubMed
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Adolescent ovarian development is linked to hormone secretion. Irregular cycles and polycystic ovaries are associated with abnormal gonadotropin profiles and hyperandrogenemia.

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Gynecology

Background:

  • Ovarian function and gonadotropin secretion undergo significant changes during puberty.
  • Understanding these changes is crucial for diagnosing reproductive health issues in adolescents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between ovarian growth, steroidogenesis, and gonadotropin secretion in premenarchal and postmenarchal girls.
  • To correlate hormonal profiles with ovarian morphology and menstrual cycle regularity.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of premenarchal girls and longitudinal follow-up of postmenarchal girls with irregular cycles.
  • Assessment of ovarian volume, follicle development, gonadotropin (LH) secretion patterns, and steroidogenesis.
  • Correlation analysis between hormonal and ovarian parameters.

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Main Results:

  • Ovarian volume and follicle number increase with age and pubertal stage.
  • Luteinizing hormone (LH) pulse frequency and amplitude increase with pubertal development.
  • Strong correlations exist between LH levels/patterns, ovarian volume, and steroid production.
  • Pre-menarche: Ovaries may enlarge with dishomogeneous structure, favoring androgen synthesis.
  • Post-menarche: Ovarian morphology varies; regular cycles correlate with normal ovaries, irregular cycles with enlarged, dishomogeneous (polycystic) ovaries.
  • Abnormal gonadotropin profiles are linked to irregular cycles, anovulation, hyperandrogenemia, and polycystic ovaries.

Conclusions:

  • Adolescent ovarian development is intricately linked to gonadotropin secretion and steroidogenesis.
  • Ovarian morphology in adolescence serves as an indicator of hormonal balance and ovulatory status.
  • Deranged gonadotropin secretion patterns are a key factor in the development of irregular cycles and polycystic ovaries in adolescents.