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Related Experiment Videos

Modern imaging techniques in GH secretory disorders

G Scotti1, F Triulzi, S Pieralli

  • 1Department of Neuroradiology, Ospedale San Raffaele, University of Milan, Italy.

The Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology
|July 1, 1993
PubMed
Summary

Growth hormone (GH) secretory disorders were studied using MRI. Congenital idiopathic growth hormone deficiency (CIGHD) may result from congenital midline brain anomalies, often associated with ectopic posterior pituitary (PPE).

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Endocrinology
  • Pediatric Neurology

Background:

  • Pituitary-hypothalamic disorders affect growth hormone (GH) secretion.
  • GH secretory disorders are broadly categorized into hypersecretory and hyposecretory types.
  • Understanding the neuroanatomical basis of these disorders is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of the pituitary-hypothalamic area in patients with GH secretory disorders.
  • To compare MRI findings in hypersecretory GH disorders (pituitary adenoma) with controls.
  • To identify morphological abnormalities associated with congenital idiopathic growth hormone deficiency (CIGHD).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of MRI scans from 42 patients with pituitary adenoma (GH hypersecretory) and 40 age/sex-matched controls with non-GH secreting adenomas.

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  • MRI analysis of 101 patients with CIGHD, focusing on pituitary morphology, stalk integrity, and posterior pituitary position.
  • Comparison of clinical and radiological findings in CIGHD patients with and without ectopic posterior pituitary (PPE).

    • Main Results:

    • No significant MRI differences were found between GH-secreting adenomas and controls, except for more frequent chiasm involvement and contrast enhancement in controls.
    • In CIGHD, 59 patients had hypoplastic anterior pituitary and/or ectopic posterior pituitary (PPE) without a complete stalk.
    • CIGHD patients with PPE showed higher rates of multiple pituitary hormone deficiency, breech delivery, and congenital brain anomalies.

    Conclusions:

    • GH hypersecretory pituitary adenomas show subtle MRI differences compared to non-functioning adenomas.
    • CIGHD is frequently associated with congenital midline brain anomalies, including PPE and absent pituitary stalk.
    • The presence of PPE in CIGHD suggests a developmental origin linked to broader congenital brain abnormalities.