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Epilepsy in Pakistan: a population-based epidemiologic study

H Aziz1, S M Ali, P Frances

  • 1Department of Neurology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, Pakistan.

Epilepsia
|September 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Epilepsy prevalence in Pakistan is 9.99 per 1,000, higher in rural areas. Most cases begin before age 19, with tonic-clonic seizures being most common. Treatment access is limited, especially rurally.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Neurology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Epilepsy is a significant global health concern, particularly in developing regions.
  • Understanding the prevalence and characteristics of epilepsy is crucial for effective public health interventions.
  • Population-based studies are essential for accurate epidemiological data in diverse settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and epidemiological features of active epilepsy in southern Pakistan.
  • To investigate the age of onset, seizure types, and potential causes of epilepsy.
  • To assess the treatment status and access to antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in the studied population.

Main Methods:

  • A house-to-house, cross-sectional, population study involving 24,130 individuals of all ages.

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  • Data collection included demographic information, seizure history, perceived causes, and treatment status.
  • Age-specific prevalence rates were calculated for recurrent, nonfebrile 'active' epilepsy.

    • Main Results:

    • The overall age-specific prevalence of active epilepsy was 9.99 per 1,000, with higher rates in rural (14.8/1,000) versus urban (7.4/1,000) areas.
    • Mean age of onset was 13.3 years, with 74.3% experiencing onset before age 19.
    • Tonic-clonic seizures were the most frequent type (77%). Poor treatment access was noted, with only 2% of rural and 27% of urban individuals receiving AEDs.

    Conclusions:

    • Active epilepsy is a significant public health issue in southern Pakistan, with a notable rural-urban disparity.
    • The high proportion of early-onset epilepsy highlights the need for early diagnosis and intervention strategies.
    • Substantial gaps in access to antiepileptic drug treatment necessitate urgent improvements in healthcare delivery for epilepsy management.