[Efficacy in neurology]

The great technological progress in the Neurosciences area, which has appeared in the last few years, can cause, beside obvious scientific and practical advantages, an important risk: in fact, efficiency might be preferred at the expense of efficacy. In this paper we try and outline a sort of "efficacy route in Neurology", based on well known general principles of Clinical Epidemiology, both for diagnosis and treatment. We stress the fact that clinical evaluation is still an essential instrument in the diagnostic process, and that the result of any therapeutic procedure must be evaluated by means of hard end points, strictly related to the real problems of the neurological patient.