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Disordered gastric motor function in diabetes mellitus

M Horowitz1, R Fraser

  • 1Department of Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, North Terrace, Australia.

Diabetologia
|June 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Diabetic gastroparesis, or delayed gastric emptying, affects half of patients with diabetes mellitus. Blood glucose levels significantly impact gastric motility, influencing symptoms and treatment strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Endocrinology
  • Diabetology

Background:

  • Disordered gastric motility is common in diabetes mellitus.
  • Approximately 50% of diabetic patients exhibit abnormal gastric emptying, with delayed emptying being more prevalent.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between diabetes mellitus, gastric motility, and blood glucose levels.
  • To explore the implications of abnormal gastric emptying for diabetic gastroparesis management and glycaemic control.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized novel investigative techniques to assess gastric motility in diabetic patients.
  • Analyzed the influence of blood glucose concentrations (hyperglycaemia and hypoglycaemia) on gastric emptying rates.

Main Results:

  • Gastric emptying is frequently abnormal in diabetes, often delayed.
  • Hyperglycaemia retards gastric emptying in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, while hypoglycaemia may accelerate it.
  • A poor correlation exists between gastric emptying and gastrointestinal symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • Gastroparesis in diabetics does not always indicate irreversible autonomic neuropathy; blood glucose monitoring is crucial.
  • New gastrokinetic drugs offer improved management for symptomatic gastroparesis.
  • Disordered gastric emptying likely significantly impacts glycaemic control in diabetes.

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