Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Addressing the knowledge gap in the genomic landscape and tailored therapeutic approaches to adolescent and young adult cancers.

ESMO open·2024

Same author

Obstructive sleep apnea and dementia: A role to play?

Revue neurologique·2023

Same author

Expressions of PD-L1 and Nectin-4 in urothelial cancer patients treated with pembrolizumab.

Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico·2021

Same author

Nonconvulsive status epilepticus in the elderly.

Revue neurologique·2020

Same author

Cerebrovascular Accident Rate Is Different Between Centrifugal and Axial-Flow Pumps, but Survival and Driveline Infection Rates Are Similar.

Transplantation proceedings·2017

Same author

Association of the Number of HLA-DR Mismatches With Early Post-transplant Acute Cellular Rejection Among Heart Transplantation Recipients: A Cohort Study in Japanese Population.

Transplantation proceedings·2017

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Generation of Human Alloantigen-specific T Cells from Peripheral Blood

Generation of Human Alloantigen-specific T Cells from Peripheral Blood

Published on: November 21, 2014

Polyclonal human T-cell activation by silicate in vitro

A Ueki¹, M Yamaguchi, H Ueki

¹Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan.

|June 1, 1994

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Silicate dust exposure, common in scleroderma patients, may trigger immune responses. This study suggests silicates act as superantigens, activating T cells and increasing calcium and IL-2 levels.

More Related Videos

Use of Single Chain MHC Technology to Investigate Co-agonism in Human CD8+ T Cell Activation

Use of Single Chain MHC Technology to Investigate Co-agonism in Human CD8+ T Cell Activation

Published on: February 28, 2019

Analysis of Human T Cell Activity in an Allogeneic Co-Culture Setting of Pre-Treated Tumor Cells

Analysis of Human T Cell Activity in an Allogeneic Co-Culture Setting of Pre-Treated Tumor Cells

Published on: March 7, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Generation of Human Alloantigen-specific T Cells from Peripheral Blood

Generation of Human Alloantigen-specific T Cells from Peripheral Blood

Published on: November 21, 2014

Use of Single Chain MHC Technology to Investigate Co-agonism in Human CD8+ T Cell Activation

Use of Single Chain MHC Technology to Investigate Co-agonism in Human CD8+ T Cell Activation

Published on: February 28, 2019

Analysis of Human T Cell Activity in an Allogeneic Co-Culture Setting of Pre-Treated Tumor Cells

Analysis of Human T Cell Activity in an Allogeneic Co-Culture Setting of Pre-Treated Tumor Cells

Published on: March 7, 2025

Area of Science:

Immunology
Toxicology
Materials Science

Background:

Silica, silicone, and asbestos are inorganic materials with known adjuvant effects.
A high prevalence of silicate dust exposure was observed in scleroderma patients.
T-cell receptor (TcR) V beta gene expression patterns were investigated in scleroderma patients.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the potential of silicates as superantigens.
To analyze T-cell receptor V beta gene expression in scleroderma patients.
To examine the effect of silica and chrysotile on intracellular calcium and IL-2 release.

Main Methods:

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of T-cell receptor (TcR) V beta gene expression.
Fractionation of T cells based on intracellular calcium levels.
In vitro stimulation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with silica and chrysotile.
Measurement of intracellular calcium levels and Interleukin-2 (IL-2) release.

Main Results:

Predominant expression of V beta 5, V beta 7, and V beta 17 genes in T cells from scleroderma patients.
Specific V beta repertoires (V beta 5.3, V beta 6.7) were linked to high Ca2+ T cells stimulated by chrysotile.
Silica and chrysotile increased intracellular Ca2+ levels in PBMC.
Chrysotile stimulation significantly increased IL-2 release from PBMC, dependent on MHC class II DP/DR positive cells.

Conclusions:

Silicate exposure may contribute to immune dysregulation in scleroderma.
Silicates exhibit superantigen-like properties, activating T cells.
Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms of silicate-induced immune responses.