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Endothelial cell hyperpolarization increases [Ca2+]i and venular microvessel permeability

P He1, F E Curry

  • 1Department of Human Physiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616.

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|June 1, 1994
PubMed
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Hyperpolarizing endothelial cell membranes increases calcium influx, which elevates microvessel permeability. This finding suggests a mechanism for inflammatory responses in venular microvessels.

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Cell Biology
  • Microcirculation

Background:

  • Endothelial cell membrane potential plays a role in regulating microvessel permeability.
  • Calcium ion (Ca2+) influx is a key signaling mechanism in endothelial cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the hypothesis that Ca2+ influx into endothelial cells increases with membrane hyperpolarization.
  • To investigate the relationship between endothelial cell membrane potential, Ca2+ concentration, and microvessel hydraulic conductivity (Lp).

Main Methods:

  • Measurement of cytoplasmic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) using fura 2.
  • Monitoring endothelial cell membrane potential with bis-oxonol dye.
  • Assessing microvessel hydraulic conductivity (Lp) via the modified Landis technique.

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Main Results:

  • Hyperpolarization of endothelial cells (approx. 27 mV) in low-K+ Ringer solution increased [Ca2+]i from 47 nM to 151 nM.
  • Under hyperpolarizing conditions, Lp increased 6.3-fold.
  • Ionomycin potentiation showed higher [Ca2+]i and Lp increases under low-K+ conditions compared to normal Ringer solution.

Conclusions:

  • Results support the hypothesis that endothelial cell membrane hyperpolarization enhances Ca2+ influx.
  • Vasoactive substances that hyperpolarize endothelial cells may initiate or amplify inflammatory responses in venular microvessels.