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Components of dairy manure management systems
H H Van Horn1, A C Wilkie, W J Powers
1Department of Dairy and Poultry Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611.
Journal of Dairy Science
|July 1, 1994
Summary
Dairy manure management focuses on nutrient recovery and environmental protection. Strategies include land application, nutrient concentration, composting, and energy generation via anaerobic digestion to minimize pollution and create value.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Science
- Environmental Science
- Waste Management
Background:
- Dairy manure management is crucial for addressing environmental concerns related to nutrient runoff.
- Current regulations prioritize water quality, with nitrogen (N) as the most monitored element.
- Land application of manure is a common practice, but dairies with limited crop production face challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore effective dairy manure management systems.
- To identify methods for concentrating nutrients, reducing hauling costs, and creating salable products.
- To address odor issues and improve water quality through innovative techniques.
Main Methods:
- Evaluating land application of manure and flushed manure effluent systems.
- Investigating nutrient precipitation from flushed manures and sedimented solids.
- Assessing composting of separated manure solids, potentially with co-disposed wastes.
- Examining anaerobic digestion for energy generation and emission reduction.
- Considering constructed wetlands and photosynthetic biomass harvesting for wastewater treatment.
Main Results:
- Nutrient losses to water bodies can be avoided with proper management.
- Concentrating nutrients can reduce costs and create marketable products for dairies with limited crop potential.
- Composting separated solids may require blending with other wastes for fertility.
- Anaerobic digestion effectively reduces methane and odor emissions.
- Constructed wetlands and biomass harvesting offer potential for water recycling.
Conclusions:
- Integrated dairy manure management systems are essential for nutrient recovery and environmental protection.
- Affordable nutrient concentration methods are needed for dairies with limited crop production.
- Diversified approaches, including composting, anaerobic digestion, and water treatment technologies, can enhance sustainability and resource utilization.