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Ocular changes in Takayasu's arteritis in India

S Sagar1, S Kar, A Gupta

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Takayasu

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Takayasu's arteritis (TA) is a large vessel vasculitis affecting the aorta and its branches.
  • Ocular manifestations are common in TA, impacting visual health.
  • Hypertension is a frequent presentation of TA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the ophthalmological findings and retinal haemodynamics in patients with Takayasu's arteritis.
  • To characterize the ocular changes associated with TA, including Takayasu's retinopathy (TR) and hypertensive retinopathy (HR).

Main Methods:

  • Detailed ophthalmological examinations were performed on 27 patients with TA.
  • Methods included visual acuity, slit-lamp examination, fundoscopy, fluorescein angiography, and retinal haemodynamic assessment.
  • Retinal haemodynamics were evaluated by measuring arm-to-retina circulation time and arteriovenous filling time.

Main Results:

  • 66% of patients exhibited ocular changes; 33% had Takayasu's retinopathy (TR).
  • Eyes with TR showed prolonged arm-to-retina circulation time (16.4s) compared to hypertensive retinopathy (HR) (10.9s) and normal retina (NR) (9.6s).
  • Intraocular pressure was significantly lower in eyes with TR (9.3 mmHg) versus HR (14.4 mmHg) and NR (14.2 mmHg).

Conclusions:

  • Diminished retinal blood flow due to carotid artery involvement is the likely cause of Takayasu's retinopathy.
  • Ophthalmological evaluation is crucial for diagnosing and managing TA, given the high prevalence of ocular complications.
  • Retinal haemodynamic assessment aids in understanding the pathogenesis of ocular changes in TA.

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