Domestic violence in pregnancy. A prevalence study

To determine the extent of physical and psychological abuse of pregnant women in an Australian population.

All women attending the public prenatal clinic of the Royal Women's Hospital (Brisbane) between 23 November and 18 December 1992 were interviewed and asked to complete a self-report questionnaire on their history of abuse.

Of 1014 women eligible to enter the study, 301 (29.7%) reported a history of abuse. Fifty-nine (5.8%) had been abused during the pregnancy. The proportion of women admitting to abuse rose over the duration of pregnancy to 8.9% at 36 weeks. Medical treatment was sought for injuries related to domestic violence by 31% of those who reported abuse during the pregnancy. Marital status and education were both significantly associated with the prevalence of abuse.

Domestic violence towards women may continue or be initiated during pregnancy.

Because most women will not reveal details about their experience of violence in the home unless asked, a relationship history should be included at the first visit along with medical, obstetric and other histories.