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Related Experiment Videos

Virus-induced immunosuppression in chickens

J M Sharma1, K Karaca, T Pertile

  • 1College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108.

Poultry Science
|July 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Reovirus and infectious bursal disease virus suppress chicken immunity by damaging the bursa of Fabricius and inhibiting T cells. Acemannan, an immunomodulator, may reduce this T cell suppression.

Area of Science:

  • Avian immunology
  • Virology
  • Immunosuppression

Background:

  • Reovirus and infectious bursal disease virus are common causes of immunosuppression in chickens.
  • These viruses induce lesions in the bursa of Fabricius, potentially leading to humoral immune suppression.
  • Mechanisms of virus-induced cellular immune suppression are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanisms of virus-induced immunosuppression in chickens.
  • To explore the role of inhibitory cytokines in T cell suppression.
  • To evaluate the potential of acemannan as an immunomodulator against viral T cell inhibition.

Main Methods:

  • Assessing viral effects on the bursa of Fabricius and B cells.
  • Analyzing T cell mitogenic responses in infected chickens.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Investigating the involvement of transforming growth factor-beta and nitric oxide.
  • Evaluating acemannan's effect on reovirus-induced T cell suppression.

    • Main Results:

    • Reovirus and infectious bursal disease virus cause B cell destruction and humoral immune suppression.
    • Both viruses inhibit T cell mitogenic responses.
    • Inhibitory cytokines like TGF-β and NO may mediate T cell suppression.
    • Acemannan pretreatment reduced reovirus-induced T cell inhibition.

    Conclusions:

    • Reovirus and infectious bursal disease virus significantly impact both humoral and cellular immunity in chickens.
    • Inhibitory cytokines produced by activated macrophages are potential mediators of T cell suppression.
    • Acemannan shows promise as an immunomodulator to counteract viral-induced T cell suppression in poultry.