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Clinical studies with the NOVA ISE for IMg2+
B T Altura1, J L Burack, R Q Cracco
1Department of Physiology, State University of New York, Health Science Center at Brooklyn 11203.
Summary
Ionized magnesium (IMg2+) levels significantly decrease in various diseases, unlike total magnesium (TMg). Monitoring IMg2+ offers insights into conditions like kidney transplants and migraines, aiding diagnosis and treatment.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Clinical Chemistry
- Medical Diagnostics
Background:
- Magnesium is crucial for cellular functions.
- Measuring ionized magnesium (IMg2+) provides a more accurate reflection of magnesium's physiological status than total magnesium (TMg).
- Various pathophysiological states may affect magnesium homeostasis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the utility of the Nova ISE for ionized magnesium (IMg2+) analysis.
- To assess IMg2+ levels in patients with diverse disease syndromes.
- To explore the relationship between IMg2+ levels and clinical conditions.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the Nova ISE (Ion Selective Electrode) to measure IMg2+ in plasma and serum.
- Analyzed patient samples from various groups including long-term renal transplants (LTRT), cardiac surgery patients, migraine sufferers, head trauma patients, pregnant women, chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) patients, non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients, and asthmatics.
- Compared IMg2+ levels with total magnesium (TMg) and clinical status.
Main Results:
- Significant depression in IMg2+ was observed in LTRT, migraine, head trauma, pregnancy, NIDDM, diseased pregnant, and asthmatic patients.
- No significant changes in IMg2+ or TMg were found in CFS patients.
- A 6-day high dietary magnesium load significantly elevated serum IMg2+ but not TMg.
- Correlations were found between the clinical course of syndromes and decreased IMg2+.
- The Ca2+/Mg2+ ratio indicated peripheral vasoconstriction and potential atherogenesis.
Conclusions:
- ISE measurement of IMg2+ is valuable for diagnosing and managing various disease states.
- Decreased IMg2+ is a common finding in several significant medical conditions.
- The Ca2+/Mg2+ ratio may serve as a biomarker for vascular issues.