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[Essential hypertension: psychosomatic aspects]

F Lamprecht1

  • 1Abteilung für Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover.

Zeitschrift Fur Psychosomatische Medizin Und Psychoanalyse
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
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Essential hypertension arises from genetic and acquired factors impacting vascular resistance. Chronic stress, when unresolvable, can lead to a maladaptive sympathetic nervous system state contributing to hypertension.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Psychophysiology
  • Hypertension Research

Background:

  • Essential hypertension is a complex condition with unidentified subgroups.
  • The dual theory posits that genetic and acquired factors contribute to increased vascular resistance via vascular muscle defects and sympathetic drive.

Observation:

  • Acquired factors, internal (personality) or external (stressors), interact with genetic predispositions.
  • Unresolved 'crisis' states trigger autonomic nervous system dysregulation, leading to physical symptoms.
  • Prolonged stress and coping failures result in psychological immobilization and reduced sympathetic activity.

Findings:

  • A state of 'giving up' due to unbearable stress is linked to low sympathetic functioning.
  • This state involves adaptation of the baroreceptor depressor mechanism.

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  • This maladaptation may prevent counterregulation to further stress, potentially contributing to essential hypertension.

    • Implications:

    • Understanding the psychophysiological stress response is crucial for hypertension research.
    • This model offers insights into potential mechanisms underlying essential hypertension subgroups.
    • Further research into stress management and personality factors may reveal novel therapeutic targets.