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Updated: Jul 28, 2026

Severe Burn Injury in a Swine Model for Clinical Dressing Assessment

Severe Burn Injury in a Swine Model for Clinical Dressing Assessment

Published on: November 6, 2018

Patterns of scald injuries

C Yeoh¹, J W Nixon, W Dickson

¹Department of Child Health, University of Wales College of Medicine, Llandough Special Children Centre, Penarth, South Glamorgan.

Archives of Disease in Childhood

|August 1, 1994

Summary

Bath scalds significantly impact children under five, with accidental injuries often irregular and non-accidental ones showing distinct patterns. Reducing hot water tank temperatures is key for prevention.

Area of Science:

Pediatric Burn Injuries
Injury Prevention
Child Safety

Background:

Bath water scald injuries are a common cause of burns in young children.
Understanding injury patterns is crucial for effective prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To characterize bath water scald injuries in children.
To differentiate between accidental and non-accidental scalds.
To identify prevention opportunities.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of 68 children admitted to a specialist burns unit over 2 years and 6 months.
Data collected on bath-related scald injuries in children under 5 years.
Comparison of injury characteristics between accidental and non-accidental cases.

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Main Results:

Bath scalds affected 14.7 per 100,000 children under 5 annually.
Most injuries occurred from falling in the bath; taps were often turned on by children or siblings.
Non-accidental scalds presented with clear tide marks, inconsistent histories, associated injuries, and symmetrical lesions, unlike irregular, asymmetrical accidental scalds.

Conclusions:

Bath scalds are a significant public health issue for children under 5.
Prevention requires integrated injury control programs and reducing domestic hot water temperatures.
Multidisciplinary collaboration is essential for identifying and managing non-accidental scald injuries.