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Predictable reduction in left ventricular stroke work and oxygen utilization with an implantable centrifugal pump
A H Goldstein1, J J Pacella, R E Clark
1Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research Center, Allegheny-Singer Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15212.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery
|October 1, 1994
Summary
A novel centrifugal pump significantly reduced left ventricular stroke work and oxygen consumption in sheep. Even at 60% bypass, substantial reductions were observed, indicating its potential for cardiac support.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Physiology
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Previous cardiac assist devices required near-complete capture of left ventricular volume for efficacy.
- The effectiveness of centrifugal pumps in reducing cardiac workload requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To test if a centrifugal pump decreases left ventricular stroke work and oxygen consumption proportionally to pump flow.
- To evaluate the efficacy of an implantable centrifugal pump for cardiac support.
Main Methods:
- Ten sheep underwent left atrium-to-descending aorta bypass using an implantable centrifugal pump.
- Left ventricular stroke work was calculated from pressure-volume loops.
- Left ventricular oxygen consumption was measured using coronary blood flow and arterial-coronary sinus oxygen content difference.
Main Results:
- Reductions in left ventricular stroke work and oxygen consumption were observed across all bypass levels.
- At 60% bypass, left ventricular stroke work decreased by approximately 66% and oxygen consumption by 50%.
Conclusions:
- Centrifugal pumps can effectively decrease left ventricular stroke work and oxygen consumption.
- The degree of reduction is directly related to the percentage of cardiac output bypassed.