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Cognitive dysfunction following subcortical infarction

A Corbett1, H Bennett, S Kos

  • 1Neurology Department, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, New South Wales, Australia.

Archives of Neurology
|October 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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The number of subcortical infarcts, periventricular lucency, and ventricular enlargement on computed tomographic scans are linked to poorer performance on neuropsychological tests in patients with subcortical infarction.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroimaging
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

  • Subcortical infarction, periventricular lucency, and ventricular enlargement are common findings on computed tomographic (CT) scans.
  • The impact of these CT findings on cognitive function requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between specific CT scan findings (subcortical infarction, periventricular lucency, ventricular enlargement) and neuropsychological test performance.
  • To identify which CT parameters correlate with cognitive impairment in patients with subcortical infarction.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of 77 patients with CT-identified subcortical infarcts and no other significant CT pathology.
  • Patients underwent a battery of neuropsychological tests.

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  • CT scan findings, including infarct number, infarct volume, periventricular lucency, and ventricular enlargement, were analyzed.

    • Main Results:

    • A higher number of infarcts, presence of periventricular lucency, and ventricular enlargement were significantly associated with impaired neuropsychological test performance.
    • Infarct number correlated with deficits in frontal system functions.
    • Periventricular lucency and ventricular enlargement correlated with broader cognitive impairments, including memory and language.

    Conclusions:

    • The number of infarcts, periventricular lucency, and ventricular enlargement on CT scans are key indicators of cognitive impairment severity in patients with subcortical infarction.
    • Cognitive deficits are likely due to cortical disconnection resulting from disrupted subcortical-frontal connections.