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Atrial natriuretic peptide in the preterm newborn
T J Stephenson1, F Broughton Pipkin, D Hetmanski
1Department of Child Health, University Hospital, Nottingham, UK.
Biology of the Neonate
|January 1, 1994
Summary
Preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome show elevated atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and plasma renin concentrations (PRC). These levels may be linked to pulmonary hemodynamic disturbances in newborns.
Area of Science:
- Neonatology
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is common in preterm infants.
- Pulmonary hemodynamic disturbances can occur in newborns with RDS.
- Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) plays a role in cardiovascular regulation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), plasma renin concentration (PRC), and renin substrate (PRS) levels in preterm infants with RDS.
- To explore correlations between these hormones and clinical parameters, including acid-base balance and renal function.
Main Methods:
- Measurement of ANP, PRC, and PRS in 31 preterm infants with RDS.
- Serial measurements in 17 infants.
- Urine collection for renal function assessment in 13 male infants.
Main Results:
- Elevated ANP and PRC were observed in infants with RDS.
- Plasma ANP correlated significantly with pH, PaCO2, and base excess.
- No significant correlations were found with cardiovascular or renal function parameters.
- Plasma ANP levels increased in most infants over a 2-day period.
Conclusions:
- Very high ANP concentrations in preterm infants with RDS are likely a consequence of pulmonary hemodynamic disturbances.
- ANP may serve as a marker for hemodynamic changes associated with neonatal respiratory distress.