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Palpebral syringomas and Down's syndrome

C Schepis1, M Siragusa, R Palazzo

  • 1Unit of Dermatology, OASI Institute for Research and Mental Retardation and Brain Aging (IRCCS), Troina, Italy.

Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Palpebral syringomas are common in individuals with Down syndrome, particularly in adult females. This study investigated their prevalence and cytogenetic links in institutionalized patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Genetics
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Palpebral syringomas are cutaneous tumors that arise from sweat ducts.
  • Previous reports suggest a higher incidence of palpebral syringomas in individuals with Down syndrome.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of palpebral syringomas in institutionalized patients with Down syndrome.
  • To explore potential cytogenetic relationships between syringomas and Down syndrome.

Main Methods:

  • Sixty-one institutionalized patients with Down syndrome were clinically examined for palpebral syringomas.
  • A control group of sixty mentally retarded individuals without Down syndrome was included.
  • Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis in biopsied cases.

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Main Results:

  • The prevalence of palpebral syringomas was 23% in the Down syndrome group.
  • Syringomas were more common in females (42% overall, 55% in adults) than males.
  • Thirteen of fourteen affected patients had trisomy 21; one had mosaicism.

Conclusions:

  • Palpebral syringomas are a frequent finding in adult females with Down syndrome.
  • The higher prevalence in females may be linked to their older average age compared to males in the study population.