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Recombinant BCG as an antigen delivery system

¹Department of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania 15261.

Cellular and Molecular Biology (Noisy-Le-Grand, France)

|January 1, 1994

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Recombinant BCG (rBCG) effectively delivers foreign antigens, inducing robust immune responses in mice. This engineered vaccine shows promise for developing new vaccines against various pathogens.

Area of Science:

Vaccinology and Immunology
Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering

Background:

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), an attenuated Mycobacterium bovis strain, is a versatile platform for antigen delivery.
Advances in genetic and molecular techniques enable the manipulation of mycobacteria for recombinant applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide an overview of recombinant BCG (rBCG) systems for foreign antigen expression.
To evaluate the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of rBCG expressing different foreign antigens.

Main Methods:

Construction of vectors for expressing foreign genes (from bacteria, protozoa, viruses) in BCG.
Development of systems for surface expression of antigens on rBCG.
Immunization of mice with rBCG and assessment of cellular and antibody immune responses.

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Main Results:

Immunization with rBCG induced significant antibody, T-helper, and cytotoxic T cell responses in mice.
Surface expression systems on rBCG enhanced antibody responses against certain antigens.
BCG expressing a Leishmania parasite protein conferred protection against virulent Leishmania challenge in mice.

Conclusions:

Recombinant BCG is a viable vehicle for inducing diverse immune responses against foreign antigens.
rBCG holds potential for developing novel vaccines against infectious diseases, including parasitic infections.