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Neuroendocrine aging: its impact on somatotrophic function

V De Gennaro Colonna1, S G Cella, M Parenti

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Milan, Italy.

Neurochemistry International
|July 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Aging affects growth hormone neuroregulation, with reduced GHRH and somatostatin mRNA in older rats. Clonidine combined with growth hormone-releasing hormone enhances growth hormone secretion in dogs.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroendocrinology
  • Aging Research
  • Hormone Regulation

Background:

  • Aging is associated with altered neuroendocrine function, including changes in growth hormone (GH) regulation.
  • Hypothalamic peptides like growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and somatostatin (SRIF) are key regulators of GH secretion.
  • Understanding age-related changes in GH neuroregulation is crucial for potential therapeutic interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of aging on growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and somatostatin (SRIF) mRNA levels in the hypothalamus.
  • To evaluate the effects of exogenous growth hormone (GH) administration on GHRH and SRIF gene expression in young and old rats.
  • To assess the efficacy of GHRH alone and in combination with clonidine in modulating GH secretion patterns in aged dogs.

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Main Methods:

  • Quantitative analysis of GHRH and SRIF mRNA levels in rat hypothalamus using real-time PCR.
  • Administration of biosynthetic human GH to young and old rats and subsequent gene expression analysis.
  • Evaluation of GH secretory patterns in old dogs using cluster analysis after treatment with GHRH and/or clonidine.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-month-old rats exhibited decreased hypothalamic GHRH mRNA and reduced somatostatin mRNA compared to 8-month-old rats.
  • GH administration to young rats suppressed GHRH mRNA and increased SRIF mRNA, while it had no significant effect in old rats.
  • In aged dogs, GHRH alone increased GH peak amplitude, but co-administration with clonidine significantly enhanced GH peak frequency and total peak area.

Conclusions:

  • Aging alters hypothalamic GHRH and somatostatin gene expression, impacting GH neuroregulation.
  • Exogenous GH administration has differential effects on GHRH and SRIF expression in young versus aged rats.
  • Combination therapy with GHRH and clonidine represents a promising strategy for enhancing GH secretion in aged individuals.