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Hypothalamic dysthermia in persons with brain damage

R H Chaney1, C E Olmstead

  • 1School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles.

Brain Injury
|July 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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Brain injuries can cause abnormal body temperatures (dysthermia) in individuals with intellectual disabilities. Hypothermia was linked to brain injury and increased mortality risk in institutionalized patients.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Dysthermia, or abnormal body temperature regulation, is a recognized complication of brain injury.
  • Institutionalized individuals with intellectual disabilities are a population at risk for neurological complications, including temperature dysregulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the characteristics and risks associated with dysthermia in institutionalized individuals with intellectual disabilities.
  • To correlate temperature abnormalities with clinical conditions and etiological factors of intellectual disability.

Main Methods:

  • A 10-year survey of 1100 institutionalized residents identified 92 individuals with unexplained temperature fluctuations.
  • Core body temperatures of 48 residents were continuously monitored for 24 hours using non-invasive thermometers.

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  • Data were analyzed in relation to clinical conditions and causes of intellectual disability.

    • Main Results:

    • Twenty-one percent of monitored residents exhibited hyperthermia, often associated with prenatal metabolic or chromosomal abnormalities.
    • Forty-two percent experienced hypothermia, frequently linked to other causes of brain injury.
    • Seventy-five percent displayed abnormal temperature patterns, including altered rhythms and sleep-wake cycle disruptions. Hypothermic patients accounted for 62% of deaths.

    Conclusions:

    • Brain injury significantly impacts thermoregulation in institutionalized individuals with intellectual disabilities, leading to hyperthermia and hypothermia.
    • Hypothermia presents a notable mortality risk in this population.
    • Longer monitoring periods may be necessary to fully capture the dynamic nature of hypothalamic rhythmicity and its impact on temperature control.