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Related Experiment Videos

Scanning electronmicroscopic morphometry of emphysema in humans

A Nagai1, H Inano, K Matsuba

  • 1Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver.

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
|November 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Alveolar holes in emphysema correlate with lung function. The tissue surrounding emphysematous lesions contributes to the loss of lung recoil, impacting pulmonary function tests.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Pathology
  • Respiratory Physiology

Background:

  • Emphysema is characterized by alveolar wall destruction.
  • The role of surrounding tissue in emphysema progression is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitate alveolar holes in nonemphysematous and mild emphysematous lungs.
  • To correlate alveolar hole characteristics with pulmonary function tests.

Main Methods:

  • Surgical lung tissue samples from 11 nonemphysematous and 11 mild emphysematous lungs were analyzed.
  • Alveolar hole size, number, and area were measured.
  • Correlations between alveolar hole metrics and pulmonary function tests were assessed.

Main Results:

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  • Nonemphysematous lungs predominantly had small alveolar holes (<10 microns).
  • Emphysematous lungs showed increased alveolar hole size and number in parenchyma adjacent to lesions.
  • Alveolar holes in regions between emphysema correlated better with pulmonary function tests than those distant from emphysema.
  • Specific correlations were found between hole diameter/number and functional residual capacity, residual volume, closing capacity (CC/TLC), and static recoil pressure.
  • Emphysema severity correlated with CC/TLC and transpulmonary pressure at 90% TLC.

Conclusions:

  • The tissue surrounding emphysematous lesions plays a significant role in the loss of lung recoil.
  • Alveolar hole characteristics in regions between emphysema are more indicative of functional impairment than those in distant regions.