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Is respiratory sinus arrhythmia present in atrial fibrillation? A study using two quantitative methods

S T Chandler1, P N Trewby

  • 1Regional Medical Physics Department, Memorial Hospital, Darlington, UK.

Medical Engineering & Physics
|July 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) is typically undetectable in atrial fibrillation using standard methods. Advanced analysis suggests subtle heart rate variations may still exist, possibly due to vagal or extravagal mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Autonomic Nervous System Function

Background:

  • Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) reflects heart rate variability linked to breathing.
  • Atrial fibrillation (AF) is characterized by irregular heart rhythms.
  • The presence of RSA in AF patients is not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the detectability of RSA in patients with atrial fibrillation.
  • To compare conventional and advanced quantitative techniques for RSA detection in AF.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluation of two quantitative techniques for RSA detection.
  • Assessment of heart rate changes during deep breathing in control and AF patients.
  • Application of power spectrum analysis for subtle heart rate variations.

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Main Results:

  • RSA was detected in 11/15 control patients but only 1/44 AF patients using simple methods.
  • Power spectrum analysis indicated potential subtle heart rate variations with breathing in some AF patients.
  • Conventional techniques failed to detect RSA in most AF patients.

Conclusions:

  • RSA is generally not detectable in atrial fibrillation by conventional means.
  • Subtle heart rate variations related to breathing may persist in some AF patients.
  • Vagal or extravagal mechanisms might still influence heart rate in AF, despite lack of detectable RSA.