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Related Experiment Videos

Immunocytochemical localization of endogenous codeine and morphine

E Bianchi1, M Guarna, A Tagliamonte

  • 1Institute of Histology and General Embryology, University of Siena, Italy.

Advances in Neuroimmunology
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Researchers found morphine-like compounds in rat and human brain neurons. These endogenous alkaloids, possibly stored as sulfates, are released upon neuronal depolarization.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurochemistry
  • Immunohistochemistry

Background:

  • The presence and function of endogenous opioid alkaloids in the mammalian brain remain areas of active investigation.
  • Previous research has suggested the existence of morphine-like substances within the central nervous system, but their precise localization and storage forms require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and localization of morphine-like immunoreactive material within distinct neuronal populations in the rat and human brain.
  • To explore the storage form and release mechanisms of these endogenous alkaloids.

Main Methods:

  • Indirect immunofluorescence and unlabelled antibody enzyme procedures were employed to detect morphine-like material in brain tissues.
  • Monoclonal and polyclonal anti-morphine antibodies were utilized, which cross-react with both morphine and codeine.
  • Studies involving [3H]morphine injection and analysis of striatal slices under high potassium conditions were performed to assess uptake, storage, and release.

Main Results:

  • Morphine-like immunoreactive material was identified in the perikarya, fibers, and terminals of neurons in various discrete brain regions of rats and humans.
  • Evidence suggests endogenous morphine is stored as a 3-ethereal sulfate conjugate, supported by [3H]morphine accumulation in specific neurons after central injection.
  • Depolarization of striatal slices with high K+ concentrations led to a rapid decrease in morphine-like immunoreactive material, indicating release from neurons.

Conclusions:

  • Endogenous morphine-like alkaloids are present in specific neuronal systems within the rat and human brain.
  • These alkaloids are likely stored in neurons as sulfate conjugates and are released upon neuronal depolarization, similar to classical neurotransmitters.

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