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Updated: Aug 11, 2026

Catheterization of Intestinal Loops in Ruminants
Published on: June 11, 2009
Third compartment ulcers in the llama
B B Smith1, E G Pearson, K I Timm
1College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis.
Abstract:
The diagnosis of third compartment ulcers in the llama and alpaca is largely one of exclusion. Clinical signs may include mild to severe colic, inappetence, decreased fecal output, bruxism, and depression. Abdominocentesis results are usually unremarkable if C3 perforation has not occurred but reflective of a generalized peritonitis if full thickness ulceration has occurred. The H-2 receptor antagonists cimetidine and ranitidine do not suppress C3 acid production for a significant period of time and are of questionable efficacy in the management of C3 ulcers.
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