Novel approach for enhancing atrioventricular nodal conduction delay mediated by endogenous adenosine

The 2-amino-3-benzoylthiophene derivative PD 81,723 potentiates the A1 receptor-mediated negative dromotropic effect of exogenous adenosine and adenosine receptor agonists in guinea pig isolated perfused and in situ hearts. The objective of this study was to determine whether PD 81,723 could amplify the cardiac actions of endogenous adenosine. Two approaches known to increase the myocardial interstitial concentration of adenosine--hypoxia, which increases the production of adenosine and the inhibition of adenosine kinase, which decreases its metabolism--were used to test this hypothesis. In guinea pig hearts in situ, PD 81,723 (2 mg/kg i.v.) potentiated the atrioventricular (AV) nodal conduction delay caused by hypoxemia (PaO2, 14 to 19 mm Hg). In guinea pig isolated hearts, PD 81,723 (5 mumol/L) increased by twofold the stimulus-to-His bundle (S-H) interval prolongations induced by both a 5-minute period of hypoxia (25% O2/70% N2/5% CO2) and the administration of the adenosine kinase inhibitor iodotubercidin (40 to 70 nmol/L) but had no effect on coronary conductance. Hypoxia and hypoxia plus PD 81,723 (5 mumol/L) caused equivalent increases in the concentration of adenosine in epicardial transudate, from 0.13 +/- 0.15 to 0.48 +/- 0.1 and 0.45 +/- 0.4 mumol/L, respectively. Similar to the allosteric enhancer, the nucleoside uptake blocker draflazine (0.1 mumol/L) also increased by twofold the S-H interval prolongation caused by hypoxia. In contrast to the allosteric enhancer, draflazine increased the concentration of adenosine in epicardial transudate during hypoxia from 0.48 +/- 0.15 to 1.5 +/- 0.4 mumol/L. Draflazine also increased coronary conductance by approximately twofold in guinea pig normoxic constant-fold perfused hearts.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)