The efficiency of nuclear processing of the tyrosine aminotransferase mRNA transcript increases after partial...

Following a two-thirds partial hepatectomy, an approximately fivefold increase in the levels of nuclear and total mRNA for tyrosine aminotransferase was observed at 1 h and 1.5 h, respectively, and a return to the levels of the quiescent state, i.e. the levels found in non-operated livers from adrenalectomized rats, was established 16 h post-hepatectomy. The increase in mRNA levels was not accounted for by a comparable change in the rate of transcription of the gene which, at 0.5 h post-hepatectomy, reached a maximum value that amounted to only 1.4-fold the value for quiescent liver. Subsequent changes in the transcription rate largely accounted for the changes in mRNA levels observed later on. Although tyrosine aminotransferase mRNA levels were equal in quiescent and 16-h-regenerating liver, the rate of transcription of the gene in quiescent liver was threefold higher than the rate in 16-h-regenerating liver. The maintenance of a higher rate of gene transcription in quiescent liver, as compared to regenerating liver, was shown to depend on ongoing protein synthesis. The possibility that the high rate of gene transcription was due to blockage or pausing during transcript elongation in quiescent liver was excluded. The inference is that the pronounced increase in tyrosine aminotransferase mRNA levels within 1 h of partial hepatectomy is largely due to a rapid increase in the efficiency of nuclear processing of the primary transcript.