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Adenovirus vectored vaccines
R J Natuk1, A R Davis, P K Chanda
1Wyeth-Ayerst Research, Biotechnology & Microbiology Division, Philadelphia, PA.
Developments in Biological Standardization
|January 1, 1994
Summary
Recombinant adenoviruses (Ad) show promise as vaccines. Intranasal administration in chimpanzees effectively induced HIV-specific antibodies and cellular immunity, priming for a strong response to a booster vaccine.
Area of Science:
- Vaccinology
- Virology
- Immunology
Background:
- Human recombinant adenoviruses (Ad) are utilized for experimental vaccine development against infectious agents.
- Ad-vectored vaccines express functional recombinant proteins, eliciting neutralizing antibodies in animal models.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the immunogenicity of recombinant Ad-HIV vaccines in dogs and chimpanzees.
- To compare different immunization routes for Ad-vectored HIV vaccines in chimpanzees.
Main Methods:
- Dogs were intratracheally immunized with Ad-env recombinants.
- Chimpanzees were immunized orally or intranasally with recombinant Ad-HIV.
- Humoral and cellular immune responses were measured.
Main Results:
- Dogs showed excellent humoral anti-HIV responses after heterotypic boosting.
- Intranasal immunization in chimpanzees was superior to oral, inducing higher antibody levels and viral replication.
- Cellular immune responses were stimulated by both routes in chimpanzees.
- Anti-HIV antibodies were detected in chimpanzee secretions after intranasal immunization.
- Intranasal Ad-HIV vaccination primed chimpanzees for high-titred neutralizing antibodies after subunit vaccine boosting.
Conclusions:
- Recombinant adenoviruses are effective vaccine vectors.
- Intranasal administration of Ad-vectored HIV vaccines is a promising strategy.
- This approach elicits both humoral and cellular immunity, and primes for enhanced responses to subsequent vaccination.